Human Development Index of Parepare Municipality 2023

Since it was first introduced in 1990 by the UNDP, the measurement of human development has been increasingly developed, and most recently the preparation of the HDI was refined using a new method in 2010. Changes in calculating the HDI are based on the reason that a composite index must be able to measure what is being measured. There are two fundamental things in the changes to this new method, namely the indicator aspect and the way the index is calculated. In the new method UNDP introduces a new indicator on the knowledge dimension, namely Expected Years of Schooling (HLS) to replace the AMH indicator which is no longer relevant because it cannot describe the quality of education . Apart from that, UNDP also uses the GNP per capita indicator to replace the GDP per capita indicator. This indicator is a proxy for people's income. However, GDP is formed from all factors of production and if there is foreign investment it is taken into account. In fact, not all income from production factors is enjoyed by the Indonesian population. Thus, GDP per capita does not reflect the income of the people in a region. In 2014, Indonesia calculated HDI using a new method with several adjustments. This adjustment is made to the GNP per capita indicator which is not yet available at the district/city level. This indicator is proxied by per capita expenditure. The difference is in the purchasing power parity calculation used. In the old method, there were 27 commodities used, while in the new method there were 96 commodities used.