Human Development Index of Parepare Municipality 2022

Since it was first introduced in 1990 by the UNDP, the measurement of human development has been increasingly developed, and finally the preparation of the HDI using a new method in 2010. Changes in the calculation of the HDI are based on the premise that a composite index must be able to measure what is being measured. There are two basic things in changing this new method, namely the aspect of indicators and the method of calculating the index. In the new method, UNDP introduces a new indicator on the knowledge dimension, namely Old School Expectations (HLS) to replace the AMH indicator which is no longer relevant because it cannot describe the quality of education. In addition, UNDP also uses the GNI per capita indicator to replace the GDP per capita indicator. This indicator is a proxy for people's income. However, GDP is formed from all factors of production and if there is foreign investment, it is also taken into account. In fact, not all of the income from the factors of production is enjoyed by the Indonesian population. Thus, GDP per capita does not reflect the income of the people in a region. In 2014, Indonesia calculated HDI using a new method with some adjustments. This adjustment is made to the GNI per capita indicator which is not yet available at the district/city level. This indicator is proxied by spending per capita. The difference is in the calculation of purchasing power parity used. In the old method, there were 27 commodities used, while in the new method there were 96 commodities used.